Chemical peels, also known as chemexfoliation or derma-peeling, is a popular skin treatment used to improve the appearance of the skin.
In this treatment, a chemical solution is applied to the skin, which causes it to peel off superficial skin layer. The new, regenerated skin is usually smoother and less wrinkled than the old skin. The new skin also is temporarily more sensitive to the sun.
Chemical peels are used to reduce fine lines under the eyes and around the mouth, treat wrinkles caused by sun damage, aging and hereditary factors, improve the appearance of mild scarring, treat certain types of acne, reduce age spots, freckles and dark patches, and to improve the look and feel of skin that is dull in texture and color.
Prior to the chemical peel, your doctor asks you to stop taking certain drugs and prepare your skin with topical preconditioning medications such as Retin-A, kojic acid/hydroquinone, or glycolic acid. The first step to the procedure includes cleansing the skin with an agent that removes excess oils and the eyes and hair are protected.
One or more chemical solutions, such as glycolic acid, trichloroacetic acid, salicylic acid, lactic acid in various concentration, are applied to small areas on the skin. These applications produce a controlled wound, enabling new, regenerated skin to appear. Depending upon the type of chemical peel, a reaction similar to sunburn occurs following the procedure. Peeling usually involves redness, followed by scaling that ends within three to seven days. Mild peels may be repeated at 8-10 days intervals until the desired clinical effect is achieved.
Medium-depth and deep peeling may result in swelling, as well as the presence of water blisters that may break, crust, turn brown and peel off over a period of seven to 14 days. Medium-depth peels may be repeated in six to twelve months, if necessary.
It is important to avoid over-exposure to the sun after a chemical peel since the new skin is fragile and more susceptible to complications. The dermatological surgeon will prescribe the proper follow-up care to reduce the tendency to develop abnormal skin color after peeling.